Biophotonic and Laser Application for Medical Therapy: Recent Development, Advancement, and Opportunity
Tentang Acara Ini
Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) has advantages over ordinary conventional light, namely: the spot size is small and highly directional, high intensity, monochromatic, and high coherence. The development of Biophotonic has accelerated since the invention of the laser in 1960. The advantages of optic and photonic play in the area of precision in the nano Dimension and today have penetrated the femto dimension, making optic and photonic undoubtedly developed to explore the property and structure of a material, both hard tissue and soft tissue. Other advantages such as having high accuracy, non-ionization, and non-invasive make this method widely used in the medical therapy field. The commonly used photonic methods are wavelength modulation, phase modulation, and intensity modulation. The three modulations play at the low level of laser or high power laser according to the needs of the medical application to be addressed and the type of tissue to be treated. One of its applications is photodynamic therapy (abbreviated as PDT). Light-activated therapy is the light used to activate photosensitizer that eventually leads to the destruction of cancer or other disease cells. This procedure is called PDT of the multidisciplinary area that has witnessed considerate growth in worldwide activities. PDT has emerged as a promised cancer treatment by utilizing activation of external chemical agents called photosensitizers or PDT drugs by using light, especially laser. Only the specific and suitable wave length laser can be absorbed by PDT. Then, it produces reactive oxygen species that can destroy the cancer cell. The following parameters given by PDT and other applications in medical therapy are wavelength, exposure time, applied energy, focal spot size, energy density, and power density. Although the number of possible combinations for the experimental parameters is unlimited, there are five main categories of interaction types classified today; photochemical interactions, thermal interactions, photoablation, plasma-induced ablation, and photodisruption. Examples of Biophotonic applications and laser applications that have been developed at Airlangga University are: vitiligo therapy, cancer therapy, dental caries therapy, biostimulation, and wound healing therapy. The development of other essential ideas in nano-Optics is based on photonic crystal systems and molecular photonics, for instance, nanometer and femtometer-sized waveguides, nano-optical and femto-optical devices, optical memory systems for optical data in the form of quantum bits and solitons, compression of laser pulses (squeezed) up to femto-second sizes for nonlinear optical applications and optical soliton generation, surface plasmon resonance applications, and photonic and biophotonic sensor design.